PDMS Unidirectional Antenna Array for Microwave Breast Screening
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Microwave radar breast screening systems have been proposed as a safe, cost-efficient alternative to X-ray mammography. The hypothesis that underpins the operation of such systems relies on sensing the dielectric contrast between the malignant tumor and the healthy breast tissue. The vital element of the breast screening system is the sensing element, which transmits the microwave pulses into the breast tissue or collects the backscatter. In this paper, we propose an array of 16 coplanar waveguide (CPW) aperture-coupled patch antennas, aimed to operate in the 3–5 GHz range. The sensing element is designed to operate adjacent to the inhomogenous human breast tissue model. The planned fabrication of the antenna array on the flexible 5mm SYLGARD™ 184 silicone elastomer PDMS substrate will be followed with its integration with the transceiver circuitry. Simulations suggest that the near-field emissions from such antenna would effectively probe the lossy breast tissue, allowing for detection of the tumor via the back-scattered signals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".