Optimization of Gain Scheduled Controller for an Active Trailer Steering System Using an Evolutionary Algorithm
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Car–trailer combinations can experience unstable motion modes such as trailer-sway, jackknifing and rollover that can lead to fatal accidents. These unstable motions can be mitigated with the use of an active trailer steering (ATS) system. Prior studies in ATS have leveraged the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) as an ATS controller but for many of these designs it was assumed that the vehicle and operating parameters were constant. In reality, vehicle and operating parameters may vary and have an impact on the stability of a car–trailer combination. In this paper, the weighting matrices of the LQR controller are determined using the GDE3 evolutionary optimization algorithm with the objective of addressing the design trade off between minimizing the car–trailer’s path-following performance for low vehicle speeds and minimizing the rearward amplification for high vehicle speeds. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated using a numerical simulation car–trailer model developed in the CarSim simulator. Our results show that the multi-objective tuned gain scheduling controller outperforms a non-tuned gain scheduling controller in terms of improving the lateral stability and the path following performance of car–trailer combinations in driver in the loop single lane-change maneuvers at a constant vehicle forward speed.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it