Scanning Electron Microscopic Observation of Endosperm Chalkiness Traits of OsAAP1 Mutant in Rice Gains
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of OsAAP1 gene mutation on chalkiness traits of rice endosperm and the microstructure of starch granules in endosperm, we used rice OsAAP1 mutants as experimental materials, with the help of ordinary optical microscopes and scanning electron microscopes, the morphological structure and arrangement of chalkiness traits and starch granules in the endosperm of Zhonghua 11 rice were observed in rice OsAAP1 mutants and controls. The results showed that the chalkiness rate, chalkiness area and chalkiness degree in rice endosperm of the OsAAP1 mutants were significantly increased, and the morphological structure, arrangement and development of chalkiness traits and starch granules were closely related. Compared with the control Zhonghua 11, there were also significant differences in the shape, structure and arrangement of starch granules between chalky rice and non-chalky rice. However, there was no significant difference between the starch granules in the transparent part of chalky rice and non-chalky rice, and the starch granules in the areas with low chalkiness degree developed well. Thus, the OsAAP1 mutation of rice could significantly increase the chalkiness traits of rice endosperm, and have an important impact on the morphology, structure and development of starch granules in its endosperm.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".