Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter traces the development of the Canadian short story from the 1920s to the 1950s and shows how, in the course of this period, the modernist short story established itself in Canada. After a brief general introduction to major trends, the first focus will be on Raymond Knister and Morley Callaghan as major catalysts for the emergence of the modernist Canadian short story. The prairie story will be in the centre of the following section, which will zoom in on Sinclair Ross’s work. In this section, I shall also compare Ross’s well-known story “The Lamp at Noon” with Sharon Butala’s “Gabriel” in order to shed light on shifts from the stereotypical format of the Depression narrative to more holistic depictions of the prairies in the 1990s. Another section is devoted to Ethel Wilson, Joyce Marshall and Sheila Watson, with the aim to highlight the distinct achievements of female authors in this formative phase of short fiction in Canada. The chapter will close with a glimpse at decisive changes in the cultural infrastructure of the 1940s and ’50s, including new publication forums and the crucial role of mentors such as Robert Weaver. In his function as organiser of cultural programmes for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation from 1948 to 1985, in particular, he became a key figure in the consolidation of the genre in Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.017 | 0.019 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".