Parental perception of children's privacy in smart toys in countries of different economic levels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Smart toys pose potential privacy risks, which may lead to aversion of parents who may choose not to buy them for their children. Magazine and newspaper articles have recently discussed these risks. However, in developing economies, these toys are not yet widely marketed, and hence the result may be different, perhaps due to potential consumer ignorance of new technology. To investigate this scenario, we conducted an empirical study in the form of a survey that was responded by 599 participants from advanced and developing economies. According to the responses, while most participants believe smart toy technology has positive aspects in terms of innovation, most of them also show a high level of concern about children's privacy when using such smart toys. The main concern is the need for parental control when a child is playing with a smart toy with internet access. Overall, the negative perception is higher among participants from advanced economies. The countries that most contributed participants to this survey were Brazil and Argentina (developing economies) and the USA and Canada (advanced economies).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".