Programmed Intermittent Epidural Bolus for Labor Analgesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Bolus Delivery Speeds of 125 mL/hr Versus 250 mL/hr
Bibliographic record
Abstract
( Can J Anaesth . 2022;69:86–96) Previous studies have shown that programmed intermittent epidural bolus, the automatic delivery of boluses at certain times during epidural analgesia, decreases pain, motor block, and local anesthetic consumption while increasing patient satisfaction. However, unnecessarily high sensory levels have been noted in prior studies. Variables such as patient demographics and characteristics, patient positioning, medication volume, local anesthetic concentration, and injection level have all been researched in relation to epidural spread. The impact of delivery rates on sensory block has not been extensively researched. The aim of this study was to compare injection speeds of 250 mL/h and 125 mL/h administered at 40-minute intervals during the first stage of labor. The authors hypothesized lower delivery speeds would reduce sensory block levels.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".