Physical, structural, thermal, and mechanical features combined with neutron and gamma radiation attenuation qualities of Sm2O3 doped transparent borate-rich glasses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Current work presents the synthesis of B2O3–Gd2O3–Li2O–Na2O–LiF‒Sm2O3 glass system via melt-quench approach and scrutiny of its mechanical, thermal, structural, physical, and nuclear radiation attenuation aspects. Raman scattering and Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed B–O stretching modes of BO4 groups linked to BO3 units with nonbridging oxygen atoms and BO3 and BO4 units' existence in the glass structure. By differential scanning calorimetry, glass transition and crystallization temperatures are identified. Relevant analysis showed all glasses' good thermal stability where glass transition temperature varied at 372–407 °C range. ΣR (fast neutron removal cross-section) and for energy 0.025 eV neutrons σT (total cross-section) are computed. In all glasses, 49.25 B2O3–10Gd2O3–10Li2O–10Na2O–20LiF-0.75Sm2O3 (mol%) sample holds higher ΣR (= 0.10207 cm−1). 48B2O3–10Gd2O3–10Li2O–10Na2O–20LiF–2Sm2O3 (mol%) glass possesses greater σT (= 736.675 cm−1) for thermal neutrons, hinting at added Sm2O3's favorable influence as Sm owns a better ability for neutron absorption than B. By Phy-X/PSD, μ/ρ (mass attenuation coefficient) is obtained at photon energy extent 15 keV‒15 MeV. Sm2O3 inclusion from 0 to 2 mol% minorly enhanced the μ/ρ values. Buildup factors estimated via geometric progression fitting method at 1–40 mean free path and energy 0.015–15 MeV span are maximal at medium energy region owing to Compton scattering process. 48B2O3–10Gd2O3–10Li2O–10Na2O–20LiF–2Sm2O3 (mol%) sample shows superior γ-ray blocking capacity in all glasses, suggesting Sm2O3's positive effect. Elastic moduli and Poisson's ratio are computed theoretically by bond compression and Makishima–Mackenzie models. It is identified that all glasses could tolerate longitudinal stress over shear stress.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".