Comorbidity and functional outcomes after hip fracture: an umbrella review protocol
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the review is to examine the association between comorbidity and functional outcomes after hip fracture. INTRODUCTION: Patients who have suffered a hip fracture are at risk of poor functional recovery, which may be influenced by factors such as age, functional status at baseline, and comorbid conditions. Patients recovering from a hip fracture seldom present without other comorbid conditions. This proposed review will lead to a better understanding of the association between comorbidity and functional recovery after hip fracture and will assist in the medical support of patients recovering from these injuries. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Systematic reviews that include cohort studies reporting on comorbidity and functional outcomes after hip fracture in adults (≥ 18 years old) published at any time will be included. Study protocols, papers that are not systematic reviews, papers not reporting on comorbidities or functional outcomes, and papers published in languages other than English will be excluded from the review. METHODS: The JBI methodology for umbrella reviews will be followed. MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews will be searched. Two reviewers will screen the titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria. Data extraction will be performed by 2 independent reviewers on the reviews selected for inclusion. Extracted study characteristics will include the author, year published, databases searched, number of studies/patients included, comorbidity measures, functional outcomes, presence of meta-analysis, and bias appraisal results. The quality of included studies will be reported using the JBI critical appraisal checklist for systematic reviews and research syntheses. A summary of the extracted data will be presented in tabular format and a narrative synthesis will be performed on the collected systematic reviews that meet the inclusion criteria. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO CRD42021272502.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.078 | 0.091 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.019 | 0.016 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.018 | 0.015 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.009 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.078 | 0.014 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".