Urban Landscape Design for Riverfronts in Iraqi Cities a Comparative Study Between Local and Regional Legislation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Iraq has multiple water resources, so it urgently needs legislation to develop its river bank and benefit from its water resources. The purpose of this study is to investigate the shortcomings in the lack of development of the urban landscape of riverfronts in Iraqi cities by reviewing the legislative aspect of the laws regulating them, which are supposed to improve the quality of life for its citizens and achieve better environmental, social, economic and urban exploitation. This research was carried out using a qualitative approach, by analyzing the content of legislation and guidelines for urban landscapes for waterfronts in regional countries, finding urban design principles in them, and comparing them with the current Iraqi laws through the checklist. The results show that there are shortcomings in the Iraqi legislation for riverfronts and that it does not keep pace with the changes taking place in the world. The results were used to present proposals for the development of urban landscape legislation for the riverfront in Iraqi cities, in line with their social, economic and environmental conditions.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".