Comparative study on connection properties of shear bolt and screw of thin cross-laminated timber panel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cross-laminated timber (CLT), a wood product with excellent shear resistance, is often used in modern timber constructions. Using the standards ASTM D1761-12 (2020) and NDS-2012 (2012), this study investigated the connection properties of shear bolts and screws in CLT panels. The specimens were made from spruce-pine-fir lumber and installed on a test platform using one high-strength bolt or eight screws, and then an upward load was applied to the top of the specimen. The results showed that the bolt connection provided a higher ultimate bearing capacity and elastic stiffness. The bolt exhibited virtually no deformation, and the CLT panel did not noticeably deteriorate when the connection was damaged. The distance between the bolt hole and the bottom of the CLT specimen and the angle between the outer-layer grain direction of the CLT panel and the load direction were both measured. Changes in the ductility coefficient value had an obvious effect on the connection performance of the shear bolts when the outer-layer grain direction of the CLT panel was consistent with the load direction. Contrastingly, when the outer-layer grain direction of the CLT panel was perpendicular to the load direction, the effect was negligible, and the yield load was nearly unchanged.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".