A newly identified interaction between nucleolar NPM1/B23 and the HTLV-I basic leucine zipper factor in HTLV-1 infected cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 is the causative agent of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis and adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL). The HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper factor (HBZ) has been associated to the cancer-inducing properties of this virus, although the exact mechanism is unknown. In this study, we identified nucleophosmin (NPM1/B23) as a new interaction partner of HBZ. We show that sHBZ and the less abundant uHBZ isoform interact with nucleolar NPM1/B23 in infected cells and HTLV-1 positive patient cells, unlike equivalent antisense proteins of related non-leukemogenic HTLV-2, -3 and-4 viruses. We further demonstrate that sHBZ association to NPM1/B23 is sensitive to RNase. Interestingly, sHBZ was shown to interact with its own RNA. Through siRNA and overexpression experiments, we further provide evidence that NPM1/B23 acts negatively on viral gene expression with potential impact on cell transformation. Our results hence provide a new insight over HBZ-binding partners in relation to cellular localization and potential function on cell proliferation and should lead to a better understanding of the link between HBZ and ATL development.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".