Preliminary Assessment of Asymmetric Triangular Riblet Microstructures for Drag Deduction and Fouling Resistance: Numerical Modeling, Fabrication, and Performance Evaluation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Several species of plants and animals demonstrate an ability to resist the accumulation of contaminants natural to their environments. To explain this phenomenon, mechanisms that facilitate fouling resistance have to be deciphered. Along these lines, this study is focused on the correlation between drag reduction and fouling resistance for underwater surfaces. This was accomplished by means of a novel microtopography inspired by fish-scales and conceived as a series of asymmetric triangular microgrooves oriented in the spanwise direction. A parametric study involving Large Eddy simulations was carried out to determine the most effective dimensions of the riblets and the results obtained have indicated a 9.1% drag reduction with respect to a flat reference surface. Following this, functional samples were fabricated in acrylic by means of a multi-axis micromachining center and diamond tooling. Surface quality and form accuracy of the fabricated samples were assessed with an optical microscope and optical profilometer. Finally, the fouling resistance of the samples was assessed by subjecting them to a flow of contaminated water. The results demonstrate that a relationship exists between the relative size of the particle and the fouling resistance of the microstructured surface.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".