Production benefits recall of novel words with frequent, but not infrequent sound patterns
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The production effect is influenced by various factors, including cognitive and linguistic-related variables. Previous studies found that the production effect varies when stimuli have native versus non-native speech sounds, but to date, no studies have investigated whether the effect is also modulated by the frequency of sound patterns within a language. Adults were taught novel words in two training conditions: Produced or Heard. These items were comprised of English sound patterns that varied in frequency. Participants trained on frequent English patterns recalled more Produced than Heard items. In contrast, participants trained on infrequent English patterns showed no difference in recall rates between conditions. The strength and direction of the production effect is modulated not only by native versus non-native speech sounds, but can also vary depending on the frequency of the sound patterns within a speaker’s native language. Thus, the production effect is linked to previously established, long-term phonological knowledge.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it