131. Carbapenemase-producing <i>Acinetobacter</i> spp. from Israel, 2001-2006: earliest report of <i>bla</i>NDM predating the oldest known <i>bla</i>NDM-positive strains
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAb) is a WHO priority 1 critical pathogen. Despite Israel being affected early by high CRAb rates, limited molecular data are available. We investigated the presence of carbapenemases among 198 Acinetobacter spp. clinical isolates from Israel between 2001 and 2006. Methods Strains from 3 archives underwent whole-genome sequencing (Illumina NovaSeq on all, MinION on a subset) and computational analyses: assembly (Unicycler), annotation (prokka), identification (Kraken, 16S rRNA), search for carbapenemases (ResFinder, BLDB curation). Figures were generated in Inkscape, plasmid alignment on AliTV. Results A. baumannii (Ab) represented 179/198 (90.4%) Acinetobacter spp. (Figure 1). Annual incidence varied from a minimum of 16 (2001) to a maximum of 62 (2004), with an average of 30. Eighty-four Ab (46.9%) carried a carbapenemase: 38 (45.2%) blaOXA-72 (blaOXA-24-like); 28 (33.3%) blaOXA-23-like (20 blaOXA-23 and 8 blaOXA-225); 18 (21.5%) blaOXA-58 (16 from 2001-2). Annual CRAb rate increased yearly from 2002 (32%) to 2006 (67%). Eight species of non-baumannii Acinetobacter (NbA) accounted for 19 isolates (9.6%): A. pittii (n=6), lwoffii (n=4), junii (n=3), ursingii (n=2), others n=1: A. gyllenbergii, johnsonnii, schindleri, and variabilis (Figure 1). Two of three A. junii contained blaOXA-58, one of which, Ajun-H1-3, isolated in a blood culture in January 2004, also possessed blaNDM-1. The pNDM-Ajun-H1-3 plasmid matched numerous NDM-positive plasmids reported from 2005 onwards in Acinetobacter spp. as well as Enterobacterales (Figure 2). Figure 1:annual distribution of Acinetobacter baumannii and non-baumannii Acinetobacter in Israel between 2001 and 2006, including their intrinsic oxacillinases and the presence of carbapenemases.Figure 2:plasmid alignment of pNDM-Ajun-H1-3 (Israel, 2004) with other NDM-positive plasmids found globally from 2005 onwards in Acinetobacter spp. and Enterobacterales. Conclusion We retrospectively assessed carbapenemase diversity among Acinetobacter spp. in Israel from 2001-2006. Analysis of 179 Ab isolates predate observations elsewhere: rapidly rising CRAb rates, driven by the dissemination of blaOXA-23-like and blaOXA-24-like genes replacing blaOXA-58. Among 19 NbA, an A. junii isolated in 2004 carried two carbapenemases, blaOXA-58 and blaNDM-1, making it the earliest NDM-positive isolate reported to date, preceding NDM-positive Acinetobacter spp. found in 2005 in India. Further investigations into the origins of blaNDM are needed to understand the conditions that led to its emergence and prevent similar issues from arising in the future. Disclosures Paul G. Higgins, PhD, Coris Bioconcept: Supply antibodies for lateral flow test kits.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".