Attitude and Knowledge of Orthodontics among Egyptian Patients: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: This study was designed to assess the attitude and level of awareness of patients toward malocclusion and orthodontic treatment. Materials and methods: The study consisted of a sample of 237 (113 males and 124 females) outpatients attending the dental clinics of Ahram Canadian University. A questionnaire containing 15 questions concerned with the knowledge and attitude regarding orthodontics was filled and the survey data was collected. Simple descriptive statistics was used to compare questionnaire responses for the whole sample, while Chi-square tests were applied for gender comparison. Result: There was a significant difference between male and female awareness. The descriptive statistics showed that patients had higher level of knowledge for questions regarding orthodontics as a specialty, but lower level of knowledge for questions regarding malocclusion. Conclusion: Females were found to be keener to undergo orthodontic treatment than males. Cost and duration of treatment may present as barriers for orthodontic treatment. Also, there was deficiency in the information related to the ill effects caused by malocclusion and oral habits.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".