The Economic Modernization of Soviet Karelia During the Process of Soviet Industrialization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Economic development in Soviet Karelia in the 1920s and 1930s was shaped by both localand national goals. The Karelian-Finnish leadership aimed to elevate a peripheral region into a modernized autonomous republic by exploiting its vast forests. The national aim, defined in Moscow by the central decision-making organs of the Soviet Union (the Center), was rapid industrialization of the entire nation. In this process, Karelian forests were to play an important role. However, in spite of the shared goals, the means for achieving these goals were different locally than at the Center. For the Karelian-Finnish leadership, the development of the local economy was the key to meeting its goals. Canadian Finns were to have an important role in this process: they would bring to Soviet Karelia knowledge, skills, and technology. However, the Center wanted to exploit the local resources for the broader, common good without consideration of local concerns. This conflict between the local and national leadership was to have a devastating impact on the fates of those North American Finns who immigrated to Soviet Karelia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".