Analyse de la relation entre la dispersion de l’actionnariat familial et les investissements en R&D : le rôle modérateur de la turbulence du marché
Bibliographic record
Abstract
L’objectif principal de cette recherche est d’investiguer la relation entre la dispersion de l’actionnariat familial et les investissements en R&D. S’appuyant sur la perspective du patrimoine socio-émotionnel et l’approche des choix mixtes, cet article suggère que la dispersion de l’actionnariat familial exerce une influence positive sur les dépenses en R&D. Cependant, cette relation positive est atténuée lorsque l’entreprise est confrontée à un marché fortement turbulent. Les analyses empiriques menées sur un échantillon de 284 entreprises familiales belges non cotées corroborent ces prédictions, apportant un éclairage nouveau sur les conséquences de l’hétérogénéité de l’actionnariat familial pour l’innovation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".