Reconfigurable SAW Resonators and Tunable Filters Using Monolithically Integrated VO₂ Switches
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article presents novel reconfigurable surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators using switching elements based on vanadium oxide (VO2) phase change material. The switching elements are integrated monolithically with the resonators on the same chip using an in-house fabrication process, which allows the compact implementation of the proposed reconfigurable resonators. The frequency of the resonator is tuned between two different states by changing the configuration of interdigitated electrodes within the SAW resonator and by using a set of tuning electrodes and VO2 switches. Experimental results are presented for the first reconfigurable resonator with six VO2 switching elements. The resonator is tuned from 700 to 720 MHz, while the quality factor is maintained above 350 over the tuning range. A second reconfigurable resonator with a modified structure is proposed to reduce the number of required VO2 switching elements for an even more compact implementation and reduction in the required dc power consumption. The second reconfigurable resonator based on a single VO2 switching element has a tuning range from 712 to 730 MHz and a quality factor better than 514. Design, implementation, and measurement results for tunable filters based on the proposed frequency tuning method are presented. A proof-of-concept six-pole tunable filter shows center frequency tuning from 944 to 971 MHz with a 36-MHz bandwidth and an insertion loss better than 3.6 dB over the tuning range. Another three-pole filter is implemented using the proposed reconfigurable resonators with monolithically integrated VO2 switches. The filter demonstrates a measured center frequency of 713 and 733 MHz for the low and high channels, respectively, while the insertion loss is better than 2.5 dB. High power and nonlinear test results are presented for both the reconfigurable resonators and filters. The monolithic integration of the VO2 switches with SAW resonators allows the practical implementation of higher order tunable SAW filters for wireless applications without any major performance degradation or increase in the size of the filter.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".