Heavy Metal Concentrations in Hard Clam Meretrix lyrata and the Coastal Environment of Tien River Estuary, Mekong Delta
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The coastal area surrounding Mekong Delta-Vietnam (MDV) is one of the largest clam farming sites in Vietnam. Furthermore, previous studies showed that the rapid growth of urbanization, industrialization, and agriculture lead to the contamination of heavy metals in MDV. Therefore, this study is aimed to evaluate the presence of cadmium (Cd), cooper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in sea water, sediment, as well as hard clam (Meretrix lyrata) around coastal area of Tien River Estuary named Tan Thanh. The results showed that all studied metals’ concentrations in sediment were lower than the limits of marine sediment quality guidelines, except Zn. The levels of studied metals in clam samples were less than the maximum values of metals in food which regulated by Commission Regulation 1881/2006 and some countries. Concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in the clam flesh were ranging between 0.01 and 1.34 mg kg-1, 1.1 and 15.8 mg kg-1, not detected and 0.6 mg kg-1, as well as 9.9 and 192.5 mg kg-1, respectively. Among the studied metals, Cd is considered as the most influential parameter for the health risk assessment of local clam consumers. According to this study, the daily intake of 100 g clam flesh (wet weight) is recommended as the largest amount of clam for local consumers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".