100-Hour Test of an Inside-Out Ceramic Turbine Rotor at Operating Conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Converting sub-MW turbine rotor blades to ceramics is not a trivial endeavour, but the promise of a substantial increase in turbine inlet temperature (TIT), and therefore cycle efficiency and power density, could mean wide use in upcoming, distributed power, turboelectric aircraft. The inside-out ceramic turbine (ICT) rotor configuration attempts to address this by loading ceramic blades in compression, as centrifugal force pushes them against a rotating structural composite shroud. This paper reports significant experimental progress in the development of ICT rotor technology, aimed at the development of a high-efficiency, turboelectric powerpack. A 20-kW scale, single spool, recuperated ICT was operated with monolithic silicon nitride blades, for a total of 113 h above 1100 °C, including 13 h at the design tip speed of 400 m/s and a cumulative 100 h at 360 m/s, with no critical failure. ICT rotors sustained short excursions with TIT up to 1200 °C and tip speeds up to 430 m/s in hot conditions, and 500 m/s in ambient conditions. An ICT rotor was successfully integrated within a complete recuperated turbogenerator with a nested high speed electric motor. Results suggest that further work on an ICT turbogenerator should enable it to reach a TIT of 1275 °C, a target to achieve 45 % cycle efficiency in the sub-MW range.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".