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Record W4313129981 · doi:10.3176/oil.2002.4.01

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2002· article· en· W4313129981 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueOil Shale · 2002
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicAdvanced Power Generation Technologies
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsComputer scienceGeology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

sium on Oil Shale in Tallinn mark a milestone in production of both oil- shale-based power and shale oil in the Estonian Republic.Oil shale is certainly one of the most important mineral resources of Estonia.In the beginning of 1999, its mineable reserves were estimated to be 2203.4 million tons."'At the present level of oil shale consumption for producing oil and electricity, the reserves will last through some more generations.Several methods of retorting have been used to process Estonian oil shale.Retorts (gas generators) and solid heat carrier units in use require further development.During the last years much attention has been paid to the Alberta-Taciuk Processor (ATP) retort- ing technology elaborated in Canada and already tested there for pilot-scale processing of Estonian oil shale.The possibility to retort crushed run-of- mine oil shale without its previous beneficiation is, of course, tempting.However, some complicated scientific-technical problems are to be solved before large-scale application of ATP in Estonia.Over 90 % of electricity produced in Estonia is based оп ой shale.™Though many scientists and engineers have been optimistic about long-term use of oil-shale-based energetics in the future, their opponents are of the opinion that this branch of industry will die out within the next twenty-five years."Prof. E. Reinsalu founds his arguments on the fact that, on the one hand, mineable reserves are relatively limited, and, on the other hand, so are the reserves of the mining industry.In February 1998, the Parliament of the Estonian Republic accepted the long-term (1998-2018) development plan for Estonian fuel and power man- agement including tasks for the energy branch.It is perfectly clear that com- bustion of fossil fuels, oil shale among them, pollutes the environment.The international public pressure to extend the exploitation of the resources of renewable energy is constantly growing.Recultivation of mined-out areas of the oil-shale basins is a serious problem as well.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.829
Threshold uncertainty score0.909

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.010
GPT teacher head0.194
Teacher spread0.184 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it