A lamprey monoclonal VLR antibody recognizes a novel plasma cell antigen (P3020)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Variable lymphocyte receptor B (VLRB) antibodies of the jawless sea lamprey are composed of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) units instead of the Ig-based units of conventional mammalian antibodies. Structural analyses of three monoclonal VLRB antibodies paired with their cognate antigens indicate that antigens bind to variable residues in the beta-sheets located on the inner concave surface of the solenoid VLRB protein and to a flexible loop structure protruding from the C-terminal LRR. We recently demonstrated that VLRB antibodies can be used in standard laboratory techniques such as flow immunocytometry, western blotting, immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry-based protein identification. In an effort to identify novel biomarkers on human plasma cells, we screened a VLRB library generated from lamprey larvae immunized with human bone marrow of multiple myeloma patient and isolated a monoclonal VLRB antibody (MM3) that selectively recognized plasma cells from myeloma patients, normal individuals and two non-human primates, Rhesus macaque and Sooty mangabey monkeys. Surprisingly, screening of a diverse panel of human cell lines indicated expression of the MM3 antigen by two of nine B cell lines, but not by plasmacytoma cell lines. Trypsin and periodate sensitivity of the MM3 epitope suggested the glycoprotein nature of the cell membrane antigen. We conclude that the recombinant VLR MM3 antibody recognizes a novel plasma cell marker.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".