EBI3 impacts <i>Leishmania braziliensis</i>-induced inflammation in localized cutaneous leishmaniasis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Localized Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (LCL) can ultimately progresses to chronic ulcerated lesion with strong local inflammatory reaction. We hypothesized that regulatory cytokines, such as Interleukin-27 (IL-27) and interleukin-35 (IL-35) can play a role in susceptibility to Leishmania braziliensis infection. IL-27 and IL-35 are members of the interleukin-12 (IL-12) family structurally related by sharing Epstein–Barr virus-induced gene 3 (EBI3), which forms a heterodimer either with the p28 subunit to build IL-27 or with IL-12p35 to form IL-35. We used RT-PCR and Immunohistochemistry analysis to detect high expression of IL-27 and IL-35 subunits in the patients biopsies compared to healthy controls, suggesting that these cytokines can be involved in immunopathology induced by the infection. Moreover, L. braziliensis infection also induced IL-27/35 mRNA expression both in vitro and in vivo. We here analysed the function of EBI3 during infection with the intracellular parasite Leishmania braziliensis. We showed that EBI3 defficient mice displayed bigger lesion and an elevated inflammatory immune response in the ear compared to Wild-type mice with similar parasites levels in the ear and lymph nodes. The lack of EBI3 led to an increased expression of T helper type 1(Th1-), Th2- and Th17-derived cytokines in the infected ears. So far, our results demonstrate that EBI3 acts as a regulator of inflammatory immune responses in experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis, although, it is not required for control of L. braziliensis infection. Financial Support: CAPES, FAPESP, CRID.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".