Novel T cell therapy using spherical nucleic acids
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Immune stimulating Spherical Nucleic Acids (SNAs) are nanoparticles comprised of a spherical, hollow, lipid core surrounded by an oligonucleotide shell, allowing for the simultaneous delivery of tumor antigens and immune stimulating oligonucleotides into immune cells. Interestingly, we have found that SNAs can readily enter primary nonphagocytes such as T lymphocytes. The uptake of SNAs increases expression of co-stimulatory molecules and presentation of antigen via MHC class I molecules by T cells. SNA treated T cells are endowed with the ability to prime tumor antigen specific CD8+T cells in a long lasting and durable manner compared to "free" oligonucleotide and antigen admix-treated T cells. Furthermore, SNA treated T cells are able to act as cellular chaperones and transfer both SNA-derived oligonucleotide and antigen to other cells. In an amplifying cascade manner, these "bystander" cells, which receive SNA material, then gain the ability to prime antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and achieve stronger antitumor effect. The cellular chaperone cascade only occurs when cells are treated with SNAs compared to the "free" material. The unique structural properties of SNAs thus confer a set of key biological properties that make SNAs particularly compelling for the efficient and specific delivery of tumor antigen and adjuvant in adoptive T cell therapy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".