IL-21 signaling modulates the differentiation, distribution, and abundance of CD8 T cell subsets (LYM7P.616)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The activation of naïve CD8 T cells typically results in the formation of effector (TE) cells as well as memory cells that are retained over time. Memory CD8 T cells can be further subdivided into central memory (TCM), effector memory (TEM) and tissue-resident memory (TRM) subsets, which cooperate to confer immunological protection. Using adoptive transfer studies and mixed bone marrow chimeras in which CD8 T cells either do or do not express the IL-21 receptor (IL-21R), we discovered that under homeostatic or lymphopenic conditions IL-21 acts directly on CD8 T cells to favor the accumulation of TE/TEM populations. The inability to perceive IL-21 signals resulted in reduced accumulation of CD8 T cells in various tissues including the small intestine intraepithelial lymphocyte compartment. The reduced fraction of IL-21R-/- CD8 TRM cells in the small intestine also displayed markedly lower levels of the cytolytic effector molecule granzyme B. Notably, IL-21 signaling was associated with the expression of the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 and the integrin α4β7 on circulating CD8 T cells in the mixed bone marrow chimeras. Acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection overcame the necessity for IL-21 to establish CD8 TE/TEM and TRM subsets. Overall, this study demonstrates that IL-21 modulates the differentiation, accumulation, and function of effector-phenotype CD8 T cells in a context-dependent manner.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".