Role of <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> CARDS toxin in inducing mitochondrial damage and inflammation.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Known for its ability to cause damaging airway inflammation and decreased lung compliance, Mycoplasma pneumoniae does so through the production of the Community-Acquired Respiratory Distress Syndrome Toxin (CARDS toxin.) This toxin plays a key role in the inflammation seen during infection. Once M. pneumoniae is able to establish infection in the lungs and produce CARDS toxin, harmful inflammation followed by cell death and tissue injury follows. Although CARDS toxin is known to have vacuolating and ADP-ribosylating properties, the exact mechanism by which it triggers an inflammatory response is still being elucidated. Experimental evidence from our lab supports that CARDS toxin can localize to the mitochondria in vitro, and this localization likely triggers mitochondrial damage and an increase in cell death. In our current study, recombinant CARDS toxin was administered to lung epithelial cells and macrophages exogenously, as well as endogenously via the expression of the CARDS toxin gene on a mammalian expression plasmid. Endogenously-expressed CARDS toxin was analyzed by western blot. Additionally, markers of mitochondrial damage and cytokine production were measured. The ADP-ribosylation and vacuolation properties of CARDS toxin were also tested for their ability to trigger inflammatory cytokine production. Our results support our hypothesis that CARDS toxin localization to the mitochondria is required to trigger mitochondrial damage and thus promote inflammation. By better understanding the mechanism through which CARDS toxin affects the mitochondria, we will gain more insight into how M. pneumoniae infects the host, and which therapeutic strategies could be most effective for future outbreaks. Supported by grant from NIH T34GM008073
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".