Twelve weeks of a diet and exercise intervention alters the acute bone response to exercise in adolescent females with overweight/obesity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Exercise and consumption of dairy foods have been shown to improve bone mineralization. However, little is known about the magnitude and timing of their synergistic effects on markers and regulators of bone metabolism in response to acute exercise in adolescent females with obesity, a population susceptible to altered bone metabolism and mineral properties. This study examined the influence of twelve weeks of exercise training and nutritional counselling on the bone biochemical marker response to acute exercise and whether higher dairy consumption could further influence the response. Methods: Thirty adolescent females (14.3 ± 2.0 years) with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) completed a 12-week lifestyle modification intervention involving exercise training and nutritional counselling. Participants were randomized into two groups: higher dairy intake (RDa; 4 servings/day; n = 14) or low dairy intake (LDa; 0-2 servings/d; n = 16). Participants performed one bout of plyometric exercise (5 circuits; 120 jumps) both pre- and post-intervention. Blood samples were taken at rest, 5 min and 1 h post-exercise. Serum sclerostin, osteocalcin (OC), osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), and C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (βCTX) concentrations were measured. Results: While there was an overall increase in sclerostin pre-intervention from pre to 5 min post-exercise (+11% p = 0.04), this response was significantly decreased post-intervention (−25%, p = 0.03) independent of dairy intake. The OPG:RANKL ratio was unresponsive to acute exercise pre-intervention but increased 1 h post-exercise (+2.6 AU; p < 0.001) post-intervention. Dairy intake did not further influence these absolute responses. However, after the 12-week intervention, the RDa group showed a decrease in the relative RANKL post-exercise response (−21.9%; p < 0.01), leading to a consistent increase in the relative OPG:RANKL ratio response, which was not the case in the LDa group. There was no influence of the intervention or dairy product intake on OC, OPG, or βCTX responses to acute exercise (p > 0.05). Conclusion: A lifestyle modification intervention involving exercise training blunts the increase in sclerostin and can augment the increase in OPG:RANKL ratio to acute exercise in adolescent females with OW/OB, while dairy product consumption did not further influence these responses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".