Bibliographic record
Abstract
In June 1963, Steele, Richardson and Olszewski presented their clinical and pathological findings of a parkinsonian condition distinct from Parkinson's disease in Atlantic City, New Jersey at meetings of the American Neurological Association and the American Association of Neuropathologists.Their original paper was published the following year (1).They reported on seven cases who came to autopsy and included two more surviving cases with similar clinical features.All cases were male with onset in the sixth or seventh decade.Survival was poor, with death occurring within 7 years of symptom onset.Onset was "…insidious with vague changes in personality, visual or speech troubles, altered facies or unsteady gait… ophthalmoplegia was constant, striking, and usually early… a loss of conjugate vertical gaze to command and in following and attraction [saccadic] movements."They noted preservation of the oculocephalic reflex, axial rigidity of the neck and upper trunk with six of their cases having "a striking extensor posturing of the head and neck" and "none of the patients developed parkinsonian tremor" (1).Brain pathology showed a more widespread pathology with neurofibrillary tangles and cell loss involving the basal ganglia, brainstem and cerebellum.Steele et al. called this condition progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and thought it was unlikely to be new but had not been reported with this level of clinical and pathological documentation.Clinical research diagnostic criteria for PSP were published in 1996.The three categories of diagnostic certainty were: possible, probable, and definite (autopsy confirmed).The key features were early onset vertical gaze impairment and history of falls within the first year of symptom onset (2).In 2005, using principal component analysis, Williams et al. identified two clinical subtypes of pathologically verified PSP which they named PSP-Richardson's syndrome (PSP-
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.186 | 0.055 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".