Shear resistance and structural hardening resistance models for hybrid NSC-UHPC elements
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is being increasingly used as a thin overlay for deficient normal strength concrete (NSC) structural elements. Compared to reinforced NSC elements, hybrid NSC-UHPC elements have two stages' structural behaviour under high shear load before failure: monolithic action followed by a composite mechanical action. The composite mechanical action gives to hybrid elements a structural hardening capability after the occurrence of a diagonal shear crack and is not yet considered by most design standards. Two analytical models for hybrid elements under shear load are thus proposed to predict the shear resistance V R of the monolithic action and to predict the structural hardening resistance V Rsh of the composite mechanical action. The shear resistance model integrates the UHPC contribution in the estimation of the tensile strain at mid-height cross-section according to the general method of the Canadian code. The structural hardening behaviour is reproduced with a strut-and-tie system with plastic hinges, where the failure is controlled by the crushing of a concrete strut. Predictions of the proposed models are in very good agreement with 31 hybrid elements experimental results retrieved from the literature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".