New Detections of Feldspar‐Bearing Volcanic Rocks in the Walls of Valles Marineris, Mars
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Plagioclase‐bearing rocks were first detected in the vicinity of large impact basins on Mars using visible/near‐infrared (VNIR) data. The geologic context is consistent with excavated plutons or ancient crustal outcrops. Our analyses reveal plagioclase outcrops exposed in a 200 m thick, sub‐horizontal layer in the 8 km deep walls of the Valles Marineris canyon. These plagioclase‐bearing rocks are consistent with either a sill, a volcano‐clastic layer, or a porphyritic lava flow, in contrast with the previous understanding that plagioclase feldspar signatures must be indicative of nearly pure, anorthositic rocks inherited from a primary flotation crust or granitoids from either plutonic activity or ancient continental crust. We present here evidence of possibly effusive, volcanic rocks bearing plagioclase VNIR spectral signatures, expanding the geologic setting of these unique and uncommon martian rocks to include multiple lithologies. This has direct implications for Mars magmatic processes and for the nature of its crust.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".