Large-eddy-simulation of turbulent buoyant flow and conjugate heat transfer in a cubic cavity with fin ribbed radiators
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Turbulent convective flow in a cubic cavity is a fundamental model observed in various processes that appeared in environmental and industrial applications. The turbulent fluctuations in the flow field, fluid-solid interaction/coupling, and the transient nature of the problem make it challenging to establish numerical modeling. The turbulent flow and convective heat transfer in a cubic cavity fixed with three fins are studied here. The numerical solutions are obtained through large-eddy simulation with Smagorinsky subgrid-scale model combined with conjugate heat transfer to incorporate temperature distribution in solid fins. The upper and lower walls of the enclosure are differently heated, while the lateral walls are adiabatic, and equally spaced conductive fins are located at the bottom surface. The solutions are initially compared with the numerical and experimental results for validation purposes. Successively, the model is applied to explore the impact of a material (copper) that makes up the horizontal wall on the flow field. We found that the heat transfer essentially alters the turbulent field, and the flow field becomes less homogeneous along the vertical direction. A number of streaky and coherent turbulent structures are found with varying magnitudes. The Q-criterion, second-invariant of the velocity-gradient tensor, predicted that strong vortices occur near the fins and in the surrounding regions of the cavity. Moreover, the energy (entropy) spectral, which plays a crucial role in engineering applications and turbulent theory, is also presented, showing the contribution of each frequency component to the velocity (temperature) variance at a given point. The velocity and temperature fields are found to be anti-symmetric, except close to the front and back walls. The major cause for this is the conducting bottom and fins, which produces thermal stratification in the cavity. The conducting bottom induces the locally unstable thermal stratification in the vicinity of the wall, which intensifies the turbulence as the flow advances toward the temperature-controlled boundaries. Further, the turbulent exchange in the central region is more responsible for the heat transfer than convection that occurs due to the differentially heated walls.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it