Impacts of summer-seeded legume cover crops and termination-tillage method on nitrogen availability to corn in rotation
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summer-seeding legume cover crops can reduce erosion, mitigate nitrate leaching losses during the non-growing season, and provide bio-accumulated nitrogen (N) to the following crop. Very little information is available, however, on the most effective methods for terminating summer-seeded cover crops, or on the amount of N they can provide to subsequent crops. We therefore evaluated the impacts of selected legume cover crops and cover crop termination-tillage methods on corn ( Zea mays L.) N credit and grain yield in a soybean ( Glycine max Merr.) - winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)/cover crop - corn rotation over 3 consecutive years on a clay loam soil in southwestern Ontario. The cover crops were summer-seeded after wheat harvest, and included hairy vetch ( Vicia villosa L. Roth), red clover ( Trifolium pratense L.), white clover plus crimson clover mix ( incarnatum and Trifolium alba L.), and a no cover crop control (CK). The cover crops were nested within termination-tillage method, including moldboard plow-down in fall, and herbicide spray-down in spring under strip-tillage or no-tillage then corn planting. Nitrogen fertilizer to corn was applied via side-dress at 200 kg N ha -1 to the CKs, and at 100 kg N ha -1 to the cover crops. Averaged over 3 years, above-ground biomass N level followed the pattern: hairy vetch > white clover plus crimson clover mix > red clover for fall plow-down termination. There were no significant differences in cover crop biomass N levels for spring termination. Corn response to cover crop was significantly affected by termination-tillage method and cover crop species, with poor corn stands after no-tillage, red clover and white plus crimson clover. Fall plow-down termination provided a range in N credit of 80-85 kg N ha -1 , which was significantly greater than the N credit under herbicide spray-down in spring. Under spring strip-tillage and no-tillage, hairy vetch produced significantly greater corn grain yields than red clover and white plus crimson clover mix.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it