Pyrolytic Reprocessing of Scrap Tires Into Value-Added Products
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Scrap tires present formidable disposal problems. The same properties that make them desirable as tires, notably their durability, also make their disposal and reprocessing difficult. Tires are well known to be virtually immune to biological degradation. Landfilling of the 280 million tires that are generated each year in the United States is becoming an unacceptable solution [1]. In addition to the continuous flow of waste tires, approximately 2–3 billion tires are already stored in piles through the United States; illegal dumping is also becoming a serious problem. The tires take up large amounts of valuable landfill space, provide breeding sites for mosquitoes and rodents, and present fire and health hazards. Recently, a large mountain of tires caught on fire in Canada, with widespread environmental consequences resulting from the oils and gases generated from the decomposing rubber. Such fires are difficult to contain because of the high flammability of tire material and because of the pockets of air present in the piles. One fire in Huntington, Virginia, burned for 9 months.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".