Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chapter Six Generational Conflict: Intimacy, Money, and "Miniskirt" FeminismIn 1970, the Ontario Economic Council (OEC) 1 declared that the "cultural mosaic model" had failed to integrate immigrants into the wider Canadian community and attributed the supposed failure to the persistence of both self-contained ethnic communities that perpetuated "different" values and the cultural "gap" between immigrant parents and their children, particularly those of Southern European origin.Foreshadowing the racist backlash against the seventies-era immigrants, the OEC report also predicted a worsening of the gap as immigration from South Asia and the Caribbean increased, possibly resulting in violence.2 It came close to advocating assimilation with its call for "a new approach somewhere between the traditional Canadian cultural mosaic and the U.S. melting pot." 3 The report's author was Edith Ferguson, a social worker who in the 1960s had led two community projects undertaken by the International Institute of Metropolitan Toronto.Aimed at improving, respectively, the health and the occupational profile of Southern European immigrants, the projects reflected a mix of community organizing and liberal uplift.Ferguson's progressive pluralist agenda had included proposals intended to improve the material lives of low-income immigrants and to foster multiculturalism.Correctly predicting that the wives and mothers of formerly peasant families would become lifelong workers, she had, for example, advocated more training programs that would increase skill levels and improve wages.She supported heritage and language classes for all children on the grounds that it would encourage a greater respect for all cultures and foster a pluralist society (see chapter 8).Four years after leaving the Institute, and one year before Prime Minister Pierre Elliott Trudeau would adopt multiculturalism as official state policy, Ferguson was calling herself a "middle-of-the-roader" in the melting pot vs cultural mosaic debate.Asked to elaborate, she said she saw "no real harm in the fact that many ethnic groups continue to hang on to their own cultures and values long after they come to Canada." But, she added, "it wouldn't upset
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.015 | 0.042 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".