MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W4317676495 · doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(05)64170-5

Prevalence of Prostatitis-Like Symptoms in a Community Based Cohort of Older Men

2002· article· en· W4317676495 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Journal of Urology · 2002
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicUrinary Bladder and Prostate Research
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersNational Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin DiseasesNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
KeywordsMedicineProstatitisCohortCohort studyGerontologyInternal medicineProstate

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

No AccessJournal of UrologyCLINICAL UROLOGY: Original Articles1 Dec 2002Prevalence of Prostatitis-Like Symptoms in a Community Based Cohort of Older Men ROSEBUD O. ROBERTS, DEBRA J. JACOBSON, CYNTHIA J. GIRMAN, THOMAS RHODES, MICHAEL M. LIEBER, and STEVEN J. JACOBSEN ROSEBUD O. ROBERTSROSEBUD O. ROBERTS , DEBRA J. JACOBSONDEBRA J. JACOBSON , CYNTHIA J. GIRMANCYNTHIA J. GIRMAN , THOMAS RHODESTHOMAS RHODES , MICHAEL M. LIEBERMICHAEL M. LIEBER , and STEVEN J. JACOBSENSTEVEN J. JACOBSEN View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)64170-5AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract Purpose: We describe a community based study to estimate the prevalence of prostatitis-like symptoms using questions similar to the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI). Materials and Methods: Study subjects were a randomly selected sample of Olmsted County, Minnesota white men 40 to 79 years old in January 1990 who participated in a longitudinal study of lower urinary tract symptoms. Subjects were evaluated biennially using self-administered questionnaires. In 2000 questions similar to the NIH-CPSI were incorporated into the questionnaire and questionnaire responses were used to categorize men as having prostatitis-like symptoms. Results: Of 1,541 men 182 (12%) had at least 1 urogenital pain symptom. Pubic (76 men, 4.9%) and testicular (73, 4.7%) pain were the most frequent pain symptoms. A total of 34 men with prostatitis-like symptoms (2.2%) had higher mean pain (6.7 versus 0.5), urinary symptom (3.5 versus 2.1) and quality of life impact (3.7 versus 1.9) scores compared to men who did not (all p <0.001). Pain frequency (OR 39.2, 95% CI 18.8, 81.9) and pain intensity (OR 21.5, 95% CI 8.7, 52.9) were more strongly associated with prostatitis-like symptoms than urinary symptom score (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.4, 5.6) or quality of life impact score (OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.9, 10.7). Conclusions: Although urogenital pain is common among community dwelling men, prostatitis-like symptoms based on the modified questions from the NIH-CPSI are less common. While pain measures may be useful in distinguishing between men with and without prostatitis-like symptoms, the urinary symptom and quality of life impact scores could partly reflect benign prostatic hyperplasia. References 1 : Chronic pelvic pains represent the most prominent urogenital symptoms of “chronic prostatitis.”. Urology1996; 48: 715. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar 2 : Distinguishing chronic prostatitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms: results of a national survey of physician visits. Urology1999; 53: 921. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar 3 : Bacteria in the prostate tissue of men with idiopathic prostatic inflammation. J Urol1997; 157: 863. Link, Google Scholar 4 : Diverse and related 16S rRNA-encoding DNA sequences in prostate tissues of men with chronic prostatitis. J Clin Microbiol1998; 36: 1646. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar 5 : Evaluation of the cytokines interleukin 8 and epithelial neutrophil activating peptide 78 as indicators of inflammation in prostatic secretions. Urology2000; 56: 1025. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar 6 : Prostatodynia—physiological characteristics and rational management with muscle relaxants. Br J Urol1981; 53: 621. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar 7 : Bacterial localization in antibiotic-refractory chronic bacterial prostatitis. Prostate1993; 23: 107. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar 8 : Diagnosis and treatment of prostatitis in Canada. Urology1998; 52: 797. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar 9 : Prostatitis syndromes: a continuing enigma for the family physician. Can Fam Physician1991; 37: 921. Medline, Google Scholar 10 : Sickness impact of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis and its correlates. J Urol1996; 155: 965. Link, Google Scholar 11 : Prevalence of a physician-assigned diagnosis of prostatitis: The Olmsted County Study of Urinary Symptoms and Health Status Among Men. Urology1998; 51: 578. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar 12 : Questionnaire survey of urologists and primary care physicians’ diagnostic and treatment practices for prostatitis. Urology1997; 50: 543. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar 13 : How common is prostatitis? A national survey of physician visits. J Urol1998; 159: 1224. Link, Google Scholar 14 : Research guidelines for chronic prostatitis: consensus report from the first National Institutes of Health International Prostatitis Collaborative Network. Urology1999; 54: 229. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar 15 : The National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index: development and validation of a new outcome measure. J Urol1999; 162: 369. Link, Google Scholar 16 : Prevalence of prostatitis-like symptoms in a population based study using the National Institutes of Health chronic prostatitis symptom index. J Urol2001; 165: 842. Link, Google Scholar 17 : The prevalence of prostatism: a population-based survey of urinary symptoms. J Urol1993; 150: 85. Link, Google Scholar 18 : New diagnostic and treatment guidelines for benign prostatic hyperplasia: potential impact in the United States. Arch Intern Med1995; 155: 477. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar 19 National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases: Executive Summary, Chronic Prostatitis Workshop. Bethesda: National Institutes of Health1995. Google Scholar 20 : The natural history of prostatism: the effects of non-response bias. Int J Epidemiol1994; 23: 1198. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar 21 : Natural history of prostatism: risk factors for acute urinary retention. J Urol1997; 158: 481. Link, Google Scholar From the Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Epidemiology and Division of Biostatistics and Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, and Merck Research Laboratories, Blue Bell, Pennsylvania© 2002 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited by Puerta Suárez J and Cardona Maya W (2022) Prostatitis‐like symptoms in Antioquia, Colombia using the National Institute of Health‐Chronic Prostatitis Symptom IndexInternational Journal of Urological Nursing, 10.1111/ijun.12330, VOL. 17, NO. 1, (39-44), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2023. Qin Z, Zhang C, Guo J, Kwong J, Li X, Pang R, Doiron R, Nickel J and Wu J (2022) Oral pharmacological treatments for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trialseClinicalMedicine, 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101457, VOL. 48, (101457), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2022. Zhang M, Jin C, Kong X, Meng J, Fan S, Ding Y, Fang Q, Dong T, Zhang H, Ni J, Liu Y, Wang H, Chen X, Hao Z, Peng B, Zhang L, Wang Z and Liang C (2022) Identification of novel susceptibility factors related to CP/CPPS‐like symptoms: Evidence from a multicenter case‐control studyThe Prostate, 10.1002/pros.24319, VOL. 82, NO. 7, (772-782), Online publication date: 1-May-2022. Korn S, Hübner N and Shariat S (2022) Prostatitis Die Urologie, 10.1007/978-3-642-41168-7_145-2, (1-6), . Rogala A and Brzuszkiewicz-Kuźmicka G (2020) Influence of myofascial therapy on painful erection – case studyBÓL, 10.5604/01.3001.0014.6060, VOL. 21, NO. 3, (1-6), Online publication date: 21-Dec-2020. Li J, Dong L, Yan X, Liu X, Li Y, Yu X and Chang D (2020) Is Acupuncture Another Good Choice for Physicians in the Treatment of Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome? Review of the Latest LiteraturePain Research and Management, 10.1155/2020/5921038, VOL. 2020, (1-13), Online publication date: 10-Mar-2020. Wu D and Rosedale R (2018) The use of Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy (MDT) in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS): case seriesPhysiotherapy Theory and Practice, 10.1080/09593985.2018.1443359, VOL. 35, NO. 4, (383-391), Online publication date: 3-Apr-2019. Qin Z, Liu Y, Zhou K, Wu J, Pang R, Li N, Xu C, Kwong J and Liu Z (2017) Acupuncture for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: study protocol for a randomized controlled trialTrials, 10.1186/s13063-017-2383-8, VOL. 18, NO. 1, Online publication date: 1-Dec-2017. Chang S, Hsu C, Hsu C, Yang S and Chang S (2016) The efficacy of acupuncture in managing patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: A systemic review and meta-analysisNeurourology and Urodynamics, 10.1002/nau.22958, VOL. 36, NO. 2, (474-481), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2017. Margreiter M and Shariat S (2016) Prostatitis Die Urologie, 10.1007/978-3-642-39940-4_145, (1295-1299), . Butcher M and Brannigan R (2016) Ejaculatory Disorders Contemporary Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction, 10.1007/978-3-319-31587-4_25, (335-359), . Cohen D, Gonzalez J and Goldstein I (2016) The Pelvic Floor and Male Sexual Function The Overactive Pelvic Floor, 10.1007/978-3-319-22150-2_3, (31-42), . Chen X, Zhou Z, Qiu X, Wang B, Dai J and Eldabe S (2015) The Effect of Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CP/CPPS) on Erectile Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisPLOS ONE, 10.1371/journal.pone.0141447, VOL. 10, NO. 10, (e0141447) Margreiter M and Shariat S (2015) Prostatitis Die Urologie, 10.1007/978-3-642-41168-7_145-1, (1-7), . Cavallini G and Paulis G (2015) Inflammatory Infertility Clinical Management of Male Infertility, 10.1007/978-3-319-08503-6_12, (105-117), . Williams B (2015) Superior Hypogastric Plexus, Ganglion Impar Blocks, and Neurolysis Treatment of Chronic Pain by Interventional Approaches, 10.1007/978-1-4939-1824-9_23, (227-232), . Hedelin H, Johannisson H and Welin L (2013) Prevalence of the chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome among 40–69-year-old men residing in a temperate climateScandinavian Journal of Urology, 10.3109/00365599.2012.756930, VOL. 47, NO. 5, (390-392), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2013. Hunter C, Davé N, Diwan S and Deer T (2012) Neuromodulation of Pelvic Visceral Pain: Review of the Literature and Case Series of Potential Novel Targets for TreatmentPain Practice, 10.1111/j.1533-2500.2012.00558.x, VOL. 13, NO. 1, (3-17), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2013. Suskind A, Berry S, Ewing B, Elliott M, Suttorp M and Clemens J (2012) The Prevalence and Overlap of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome and Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome in Men: Results of the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology Male StudyJournal of Urology, VOL. 189, NO. 1, (141-145), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2013. Williams B (2013) Superior Hypogastric Plexus, Ganglion Impar Blocks, and Neurolysis Comprehensive Treatment of Chronic Pain by Medical, Interventional, and Integrative Approaches, 10.1007/978-1-4614-1560-2_42, (435-440), . Yoshida M, Kudoh J, Homma Y and Kawabe K (2012) New clinical evidence of silodosin, an α1A selective adrenoceptor antagonist, in the treatment for lower urinary tract symptomsInternational Journal of Urology, 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2011.02957.x, VOL. 19, NO. 4, (306-316), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2012. Nickel J (2012) Prostatitis and Related Conditions, Orchitis, and Epididymitis Campbell-Walsh Urology, 10.1016/B978-1-4160-6911-9.00011-6, (327-356.e12), . Nickel J, O'Leary M, Lepor H, Caramelli K, Thomas H, Hill L and Hoel G (2011) Silodosin for Men With Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: Results of a Phase II Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled StudyJournal of Urology, VOL. 186, NO. 1, (125-131), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2011. Ejike C (2011) Self-reported history of sexually transmitted infection and chronic prostatitis symptoms: a cross-sectional study of a Nigerian undergraduate populationInternational Journal of STD & AIDS, 10.1258/ijsa.2010.010317, VOL. 22, NO. 2, (91-94), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2011. Schiller D and Parikh A (2011) Identification, Pharmacologic Considerations, and Management of ProstatitisThe American Journal of Geriatric Pharmacotherapy, 10.1016/j.amjopharm.2011.02.005, VOL. 9, NO. 1, (37-48), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2011. Nickel J (2011) Prostatitis and Male Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Practical Urology: Essential Principles and Practice, 10.1007/978-1-84882-034-0_22, (295-307), . Sibert L, Rigaud J, Delavierre D and Labat J (2010) Épidémiologie et aspects économiques des douleurs pelvipérinéales chroniquesProgrès en Urologie, 10.1016/j.purol.2010.08.004, VOL. 20, NO. 12, (872-885), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2010. Wehbe S, Fariello J and Whitmore K (2010) Minimally Invasive Therapies for Chronic Pelvic Pain SyndromeCurrent Urology Reports, 10.1007/s11934-010-0120-x, VOL. 11, NO. 4, (276-285), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2010. Ferris J, Pitts M, Richters J, Simpson J, Shelley J and Smith A (2010) National prevalence of urogenital pain and prostatitis-like symptoms in Australian men using the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptoms IndexBJU International, 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2009.08708.x, VOL. 105, NO. 3, (373-379), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2010. Calhoun E, Clemens J, Litwin M, Walker-Corkery E, Markossian T, Kusek J and McNaughton-Collins M (2009) Primary care physician practices in the diagnosis, treatment and management of men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndromeProstate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases, 10.1038/pcan.2009.9, VOL. 12, NO. 3, (288-295), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2009. Liang C, Li H, Wang Z, Xing J, Hu W, Zhang T, Ge W, Hao Z, Zhang X, Zhou J, Li Y, Zhou Z, Tang Z and Tai S (2009) The Prevalence of Prostatitis-Like Symptoms in ChinaJournal of Urology, VOL. 182, NO. 2, (558-563), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2009. Tripp D, Nickel J, Ross S, Mullins C and Stechyson N (2009) Prevalence, symptom impact and predictors of chronic prostatitis-like symptoms in Canadian males aged 16-19 yearsBJU International, 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2008.08157.x, VOL. 103, NO. 8, (1080-1084), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2009. Jung W, Choi M, Chang H, Park C and Kim C (2009) Significance of Intraprostatic Inflammation in Patients with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Suggestive of Benign Prostatic HyperplasiaKorean Journal of Urology, 10.4111/kju.2009.50.8.791, VOL. 50, NO. 8, (791), . Murphy A, Macejko A, Taylor A and Nadler R (2009) Chronic ProstatitisDrugs, 10.2165/00003495-200969010-00005, VOL. 69, NO. 1, (71-84), . Zani D, Simeone C and Cunico S (2009) Clinical Approach to Prostate Disease Imaging of Urogenital Diseases, 10.1007/978-88-470-1344-5_10, (215-220), . Ejike C and Ezeanyika L (2008) Metabolic syndrome in sub-Saharan Africa: “smaller twin” of a region’s prostatic diseases?International Urology and Nephrology, 10.1007/s11255-008-9343-x, VOL. 40, NO. 4, (909-920), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2008. Bharucha A and Trabuco E (2008) Functional and Chronic Anorectal and Pelvic Pain DisordersGastroenterology Clinics of North America, 10.1016/j.gtc.2008.06.002, VOL. 37, NO. 3, (685-696), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2008. Quentin Clemens J (2008) Male chronic pelvic pain syndrome: Prevalence, risk factors, treatment patterns, and socioeconomic impactCurrent Prostate Reports, 10.1007/s11918-008-0013-3, VOL. 6, NO. 2, (81-85), Online publication date: 1-May-2008. Ejike C and Ezeanyika L (2008) Prevalence of chronic prostatitis symptoms in a randomly surveyed adult population of urban-community-dwelling Nigerian malesInternational Journal of Urology, 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2008.02003.x, VOL. 15, NO. 4, (340-343), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2008. Krieger J, Lee S, Jeon J, Cheah P, Liong M and Riley D (2008) Epidemiology of prostatitisInternational Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.08.028, VOL. 31, (85-90), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2008. Schaeffer A (2008) Epidemiology and evaluation of chronic pelvic pain syndrome in menInternational Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.08.027, VOL. 31, (108-111), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2008. Ha J, Kwak D, Chang H, Park C, Kwon S and Kim C (2008) Relationship between Acute Urinary Retention and Intraprostatic Inflammation in Benign Prostatic HyperplasiaKorean Journal of Urology, 10.4111/kju.2008.49.12.1081, VOL. 49, NO. 12, (1081), . Duclos A and Shoskes D Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Genitourinary Pain And Inflammation, 10.1007/978-1-60327-126-4_12, (175-199) Calhoun E, Duloy A and Clemens J (2008) Quality of Life and Economic Impact of Chronic Prostatitis Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome, 10.1007/978-1-59745-472-8_5, (59-75), . Kusek J and Nyberg L (2008) Strategies for Increasing the Understanding of Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome, 10.1007/978-1-59745-472-8_18, (245-257), . Rothman J and Jaffe W (2007) Prostatitis: Updates on diagnostic evaluationCurrent Prostate Reports, 10.1007/s11918-007-0025-4, VOL. 5, NO. 4, (185-190), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2007. Hu J, Link C, McNaughton-Collins M, Barry M and McKinlay J (2007) The Association of Abuse and Symptoms Suggestive of Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: Results from the Boston Area Community Health SurveyJournal of General Internal Medicine, 10.1007/s11606-007-0341-y, VOL. 22, NO. 11, (1532-1537), Online publication date: 12-Oct-2007. Fitzgerald M, Link C, Litman H, Travison T and McKinlay J (2007) Beyond the Lower Urinary Tract: The Association of Urologic and Sexual Symptoms with Common IllnessesEuropean Urology, 10.1016/j.eururo.2007.03.014, VOL. 52, NO. 2, (407-415), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2007. Duloy A, Calhoun E and Clemens J (2008) Economic impact of chronic prostatitisCurrent Urology Reports, 10.1007/s11934-007-0081-x, VOL. 8, NO. 4, (336-339), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2007. Rothman J and Jaffe W (2008) Prostatitis: Updates on diagnostic evaluationCurrent Urology Reports, 10.1007/s11934-007-0076-7, VOL. 8, NO. 4, (301-306), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2007. Pontari M, Joyce G, Wise M and McNaughton-Collins M (2018) ProstatitisJournal of Urology, VOL. 177, NO. 6, (2050-2057), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2007.Marszalek M, Wehrberger C, Hochreiter W, Temml C and Madersbacher S (2018) Symptoms Suggestive of Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome in an Urban Population: Prevalence and Associations With Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Erectile FunctionJournal of Urology, VOL. 177, NO. 5, (1815-1819), Online publication date: 1-May-2007. Duloy A, Calhoun E and Clemens J (2007) Economic impact of chronic prostatitisCurrent Prostate Reports, 10.1007/s11918-007-0013-8, VOL. 5, NO. 2, (96-99), Online publication date: 1-May-2007. Smith K, Pukall C, Tripp D and Nickel J (2006) Sexual and Relationship Functioning in Men with Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome and Their PartnersArchives of Sexual Behavior, 10.1007/s10508-006-9086-7, VOL. 36, NO. 2, (301-311), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2007. Gonzalez R and Te A (2008) Chronic prostatitis/pelvic pain syndrome: A bladder dysfunction?Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports, 10.1007/s11884-007-0034-8, VOL. 2, NO. 1, (55-59), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2007. Delavierre D (2007) Prostatite chronique, syndrome douloureux pelvien chronique et dysfonctions sexuellesChronic prostatitis, chronic pelvic pain syndrome and sexual dysfunctionAndrologie, 10.1007/BF03041152, VOL. 17, NO. 1, (19-24), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2007. Delavierre D (2007) Prostatite chronique et syndrome douloureux pelvien chronique de l’homme. Enquête auprès des urologues françaisProgrès en Urologie, 10.1016/S1166-7087(07)92229-0, VOL. 17, NO. 1, (69-76), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2007. Schaeffer A, Anderson R, Krieger J, Lobel B, Naber K, Nakagawa M, Nickel J, Nyberg L and Weidner W Évaluation et prise en charge des syndromes douloureux pelviens chez l’homme, incluant les prostatites Les infections urinaires, 10.1007/978-2-287-48617-3_10, (141-194) KUNISHIMA Y, MORI M, KITAMURA H, SATOH H and TSUKAMOTO T (2006) Prevalence of prostatitis-like symptoms in Japanese men: Population-based study in a town in HokkaidoInternational Journal of Urology, 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2004.01556.x, VOL. 13, NO. 10, (1286-1289), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2006. Tripp D, Nickel J, Wang Y, Litwin M, McNaughton-Collins M, Landis J, Alexander R, Schaeffer A, O’Leary M, Pontari M, Fowler J, Nyberg L and Kusek J (2006) Catastrophizing and Pain-Contingent Rest Predict Patient Adjustment in Men With Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain SyndromeThe Journal of Pain, 10.1016/j.jpain.2006.03.006, VOL. 7, NO. 10, (697-708), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2006. Rothman J and Jaffe W (2006) Prostatitis: Updates on diagnostic evaluationCurrent Prostate Reports, 10.1007/s11918-006-0028-6, VOL. 4, NO. 3, (147-152), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2006. Pontari M (2006) Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and interstitial cystitis: Are they related?Current Prostate Reports, 10.1007/s11918-006-0027-7, VOL. 4, NO. 3, (141-146), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2006. Pontari M (2006) Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and interstitial cystitis: Are they related?Current Urology Reports, 10.1007/s11934-996-0013-1, VOL. 7, NO. 4, (329-334), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2006. Propert K, Litwin M, Wang Y, Alexander R, Calhoun E, Nickel J, O’Leary M, Pontari M and McNaughton-Collins M (2006) Responsiveness of the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI)Quality of Life Research, 10.1007/s11136-005-1317-1, VOL. 15, NO. 2, (299-305), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2006. Fernando Jiménez-Cruz J and Broseta-Rico E (2005) Clasificación, etiología, diagnóstico y tratamiento de las prostatitis. Otros tipos de prostatitisEnfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica, 10.1157/13091448, VOL. 23, (47-56), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2005. Daniels N, Ewing S, Zmuda J, Wilt T and Bauer D (2005) Correlates and prevalence of prostatitis in a large community-based cohort of older VOL. NO. 5, Online publication date: Nickel J, J, M, J and J (2005) Prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of prostatitis, interstitial and in The Canadian VOL. NO. 5, Online publication date: P, J, M and R (2005) is associated with pain and among men with nonbacterial prostatitis/pelvic of Medicine, VOL. NO. 2, Online publication date: M, ROBERTS R, JACOBSON D, M, LIEBER M and JACOBSEN S (2018) A of Urology, VOL. NO. 2, Online publication date: R, M, D, C and S (2005) of in the Placebo of a Clinical of Benign Prostatic to in the VOL. NO. 6, Online publication date: R, M, D, C and S (2005) of in the Placebo of a Clinical of Benign Prostatic to in the VOL. NO. 6, Online publication date: E, E, R and J (2005) The Effect of Therapy in Men with Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Urology, VOL. 47, NO. 5, Online publication date: M, A and Nickel J Clinical of the prostatitis in a Journal of Urology, VOL. 23, NO. 1, Online publication date: Gonzalez R and Te A Chronic prostatitis and pain is Prostate Reports, VOL. 2, NO. 4, Online publication date: Gonzalez R and Te A Chronic prostatitis and pain is Urology Reports, VOL. 5, NO. 6, Online publication date: J, C, S, E, S and J Influence of pain and urinary symptoms on quality of life in men with chronic prostatitis-like symptomsInternational Journal of Urology, VOL. 11, NO. 7, Online publication date: C syndrome douloureux chronique pelvien chez l’homme. and treatment of chronic pelvic pain in VOL. NO. 1, Online publication date: ROBERTS R, JACOBSON D, GIRMAN C, RHODES T, LIEBER M and JACOBSEN S (2018) Prostatitis and National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index Pain of Urology, VOL. NO. 1, Online publication date: H, C, K, Weidner W, M, T, H, G and H . M, A and Nickel J Prevalence, diagnosis and treatment of prostatitis in a International, VOL. NO. 9, Online publication date: Pontari M Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome in & VOL. 20, NO. 15, . & 2002 by American Urological Association, and symptoms, Author ROSEBUD O. ROBERTS for Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota by DEBRA J. JACOBSON by CYNTHIA J. GIRMAN with Merck & by THOMAS RHODES with Merck & by MICHAEL M. LIEBER with and by STEVEN J. JACOBSEN by All

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.006
Threshold uncertainty score0.594

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.026
GPT teacher head0.303
Teacher spread0.277 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it