Bibliographic record
Abstract
I am broadly sympathetic to Adrian Favell’s chapter, both because I concur with his assessment of the evidence, and because I share his normative concerns about the dangers (and inaccuracy) of privileging of the ‘nation’ among human social or political groupings. In this brief response, I will instead focus on some areas of disagreement, or perhaps tensions in the argument, and the evidence on how far the EU has been able to fulfil Favell’s normative ideals in practice. My perspective here is as the director of a race equality think tank, the Runnymede Trust, based in London, but having done a significant amount of work across Europe, including in Brussels. Favell’s chapter does an excellent job of highlighting and weaving together how what he calls the ‘post-national and cosmopolitan vision of multi-ethnic Britain’ relates to the ‘post-national and cosmopolitan consequences of EU freedom of movement’. At the same time he honestly confronts the extent to which internal EU freedom of movement has gone hand in hand with vigorous and racially discriminatory border enforcement.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".