Bibliographic record
Abstract
In May 2015, former Guantanamo Bay detainee Omar Khadr was released from the Bowden Institution in Alberta. Khadr’s return to society followed 14 years of incarceration for an act that he may not have committed, which may not have been a crime, which took place while he was technically a child, and which was judged by a military tribunal that has questionable status in Canadian law. This article argues that Khadr’s long imprisonment was a political decision by US and Canadian authorities that required them to use performativity to suspend the law, depriving Khadr of his rights under American law, the Canadian Charter, and various protocols of international law. This use of performance to undermine law exposes a performative gap in the law: a space in the law that allows it to be moved and shaped by performative acts. Through these acts, Khadr became effectively stateless for a period in time: a citizen-in-exception. Building from Giorgio Agamben’s theory of the state of exception, this paper draws out the role played by performativity in the suspension of law by law. Importantly, the process that led to Khadr’s situation was racially charged from beginning to end. His situation is one manifestation of the way that Muslims have been “cast out” of Western law, as Sherene Razack puts it, since 9/11. En mai 2015, Omar Khadr, un ancien détenu de Guantanamo Bay, a obtenu son congé de l’établissement de Bowden, en Alberta. Ce retour à la société survenait après 14 ans d’incarcération pour un acte que Khadr n’avait peut-être pas commis, qui n’était peut-être pas un acte criminel, qui avait eu lieu alors qu’il était techniquement encore enfant, et pour lequel il avait été jugé par un tribunal militaire dont le statut, en droit canadien, était douteux. Dans cet article, Matt Jones soutient que la longue incarcération de Khadr était une décision politique prise par des autorités américaines et canadiennes qui contraignait ces parties à recourir à la performativité pour suspendre la loi, privant ainsi Khadr de ses droits en vertu du droit américain, de la Charte canadienne et de divers protocoles relevant du droit international. Ce recours à la performance pour saper le droit, affirme Jones, met en évidence un vide performatif : un espace qui permettrait de façonner la loi au moyen d’actes performatifs. Et en raison de ces actes, Khadr s’est retrouvé apatride pendant un certain temps, un citoyen d’exception. En partant de la théorie d’état d’exception de Giorgio Agamben, Jones s’intéresse au rôle de la performativité dans la suspension de droits en vertu de la loi. Il rappelle aussi que le processus ayant mené à la situation de Khadr était entaché de racisme du début à la fin. Son issue illustre la façon dont les musulmans ont été, pour citer Sherene Razack, « évincés » du droit occidental depuis les attentats du 11 septembre.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.024 | 0.037 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".