Bibliographic record
Abstract
While social housing 1 is of increasing interest to researchers and policy makers in Canada, there is little research about the experiences of those working in the sector.One of the foundational assumptions of social housing in Canada is that those in need of affordable housing are vulnerable (Hosken, 2016;Zhu, 2021).We suggest that the vulnerability that housing research, policy and programming focuses on is often also experienced by frontline workers in the sector.Neoliberal shifts in housing policy not only impact people living in and in need of social housing, but also housing workers.Housing workers are rarely included in Canadian housing research and are seen as outsiders to the poverty and vulnerability central to housing provision.Instead, workers often emerge in research as actors who enforce rules and regulations of social housing, and support those who live there.Yet, the lived reality for many workers on the frontline who interact with tenants and applicants regularly is much closer to the vulnerability of people waiting for and living in social housing.In this paper we argue that there is a need for more robust research on the working conditions of the housing sector, especially those on the frontline of social housing. NEOLIBERALISM IN CANADA'S SOCIAL HOUSINGIt is beyond the scope of this piece to detail the development of affordable housing policy other than to highlight some key turning points that impacted working conditions (for a more thorough analysis of Canadian housing policy see Sutter, 2016;Skelton, 2015).An economic recession in the 1990s saw backlash against previous government initiatives that were antiracist and pro-equity and fostered a "political climate where hostility toward the poor[. . .] was widespread" (Coulter, 2009, p. 29).The housing sector itself was undergoing a process of devolution, where control and responsibility of social housing was passed down to lower levels of government (Suttor, 2016).This included implementation of "neoliberal strategies of rule," used
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.019 | 0.065 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.014 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".