La question du droit dans la transformation numérique des administrations publiques
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The current reforms in public administration are intended to be the culmination of the move to implement digital government.Those reforms were already informing the implementation process some twenty years ago.However, since the first «e-government», the context has undergone significant changes.The use of clouds, biometric data, as well as the increasing use of algorithms in automated procedures all raise the issue of data protection, both public and private.While the focus is on the technical and administrative dimensions of these changes, their legal framework remains problematic.The choice of legal instruments reveals a preference for soft law as a regulatory tool in preference to legislation.While this preference is standard in the field of public policy, it warrants nonetheless the enhanced protection of citizens' rights and makes the case for the use of robust legislation in the place of administrative instruments.Despite the increasing use of legislation, the absence of a framework law leaves many issues unresolved from a legal perspective.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.019 | 0.092 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.024 | 0.028 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.018 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".