Tensor-Empowered LSTM for Communication-Efficient and Privacy-Enhanced Cognitive Federated Learning in Intelligent Transportation Systems
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Multimedia cognitive computing as a revolutionary emerging concept of artificial intelligence emulating the reasoning process like human brains can facilitate the evolution of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) to be smarter, safer, and more efficient. Massive multimedia traffic big data is an important prerequisite for the success of cognitive computing in ITS. However, traditional data-centralized artificial intelligence approaches often face the problems of data islands and data famine due to concerns about data privacy and security. To this end, we propose the concept of cognitive federated learning leveraging federated learning as the learning paradigm for cognitive computing, which solves the preceding concerns by sharing updated models rather than raw data. Nevertheless, the exchange of numerous model parameters not only generates significant communication overhead but also suffers from the risk of privacy leakage due to inference attacks. This article aims to design a novel lightweight and privacy-enhanced cognitive federated learning architecture to facilitate the development of ITS. First, a privacy-enhanced model protection scheme with homomorphic encryption as the underlying technology is proposed to simultaneously defend against the inference attacks launched by external malicious attackers, honest-but-curious cognitive platforms, and internal participants. Furthermore, a novel tensor ring-block decomposition and its corresponding deep computation model converting the weight tensor into a set of matrices and third-order core tensors are proposed, which could reduce the communication overhead and storage requirements without compromising model performance. Experimental results on real-world datasets show that the proposed approach performs well.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".