Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain as risk factors of jaundice in healthy newborns ≥ 37 weeks of gestation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: One of the reasons for the delayed hospital discharge of newborns is jaundice.The aim of this study was to analyze the mother's gestational weight gain (GWG) as a factor contributing to jaundice in healthy, breastfed newborns, ≥ 37 weeks of gestation. Material and methods:The medical documentation of 3594 mother-newborn pairs was analyzed.The newborns' gestational age, birth weight, birth weight loss (BWL) and the total serum bilirubin (TsB) on the 3 rd or 4 th day of life, as well as the mothers' pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), and GWG were analyzed.The newborns were divided into three groups.Group I was composed of those without jaundice (n = 1258), group II with jaundice (TsB between 5 and 11.9 mg/dl; n = 1302), and group III with TsB ≥ 12 mg/dl (n = 1034).Results: The newborns from group I were more mature (p = 0.000) and had higher birth weight than newborns from groups II and III (p = 0.01).There was no difference in birth weight between groups II and III but newborns from group III were less mature (p = 0.03).There were no differences in BWL between the groups.Pre-pregnancy mean BMI of mothers from group III was higher; they more often were overweight (p = 0.000), but not obese.During pregnancy, they had a greater mean GWG (p = 0.000), and more often had excessive weight gain (p = 0.000), but also gestational diabetes (GDM) and hypertension.On admission to the maternity ward, mothers from group III had higher mean BMI and more often were obese than mothers from groups II and I. Conclusions: Our study suggests that in addition to the known risk factors of early markedly elevated bilirubin concentration in healthy newborns ≥ 37 weeks of gestation such as lower birth weight and lower gestational maturity, the mother's excessive weight gain during pregnancy and complications of pre gnancy such as gestational diabetes and hypertension should be taken into consideration.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.019 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".