Comparison of Turkey and Canada (Ontario) Science Curriculum in the Context of Physics Learning Area
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, it is aimed to determine the similarities and differences of both programs by analyzing physics subjects, vision, purpose, learning areas according to grade levels, units, course hours and number of learning outcomes in the context of physics learning area of secondary school science curriculums in Turkey and Canada (Ontario). In this research, the document analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. It has been seen that Turkey secondary school science curriculum aims to be expressed longer and more intensely than Canada (Ontario) secondary school science and technology curriculum, while spiral approach is used in Turkey science curriculum, modular approach is used in Canada (Ontario) science and technology curriculum. Both countries are similar to the vision of raising scientifically literate individuals. The Turkish science curriculum includes physics-containing Units, course hours and the number of learning outcomes numerically compared to the Canadian (Ontario) physics curriculum. Canada (Ontario) physics curriculum is completely associated with daily life in terms of learning outcomes compared to the Turkish physics curriculum.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".