Review of <i>Colloid (Nano‐ and Micro‐Particle) Transport and Surface Interaction in Groundwater</i> . William P. Johnson and Eddy F. Pazmino. The Groundwater Project. 111 pp. ISBN: 978‐1‐77470‐070‐9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21083/978‐1‐77470‐070‐9
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Colloid (Nano-and Micro-Particle) Transport and Surface Interface in Groundwater by William P. Johnson and Eddy F. Pazmino is a textbook that consists of 111 pages and 11 chapters and serves as an introduction to colloids in groundwater, with a focus on their transport, because the distribution of the colloids in groundwater is mainly governed by their transport.Instead of a comprehensive review of contributions to the literature, this textbook is intended to directly summarize current knowledge of colloid transport in groundwater.This textbook can be helpful for both beginners and researchers to learn the models simulating colloid transport in groundwater and explore the complex mechanisms governing the transport.The book belongs to the Groundwater Project, the works of which are available for free via the website https://gw-project.org/,operated by the Groundwater Project.The Groundwater Project is a nonprofit organization in Canada that is committed to advancing education by creating free high-quality groundwater educational material that is available online for all.Investigation of colloid transport in groundwater is critical to understanding a variety of natural processes and engineered applications such as transport of pathogenic colloids (e.g., viruses, bacteria, and protozoa) and colloid-associated contaminants in the subsurface, and soil and groundwater remediation using nanomaterials (e.g., nanoscale zerovalent iron) and microbes.Deposition is one of the primary factors that govern transport of colloids in groundwater.This textbook presents the state-of-the-art using the Lagrangian method to quantify colloid deposition rates and transport.The Lagrangian approach quantifies colloid trajectories and,
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.009 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".