Nigeria: a model of federalist ethnic conflict management or federalist illusion?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nigeria represents a prime example of the use and redesign of federalism to manage deep-seated, often overlapping, ethnic, regional, and religious diversity in the developing world. Despite persistent inter-group violence, the military's dissolution of Nigeria's original large ethnic regions into smaller constituent states functioned to avert a recurrence of catastrophic national civil war. Vigorous scholarly and practitioner debates persist, however, about the foundations, genuineness, viability, reform, and future of Nigeria's federalism. The complex facets and dynamics of this chronically contentious federation can be explained to students using five subtopics: the federation's origins under British colonial auspices as a dis-aggregative holding together federalism; the role of military rule; the effects on managing violent inter-group conflicts of changes in the design, number, and relative size of federal subunits; ongoing debates on alternative reform paths and futures for the federation; and the Nigerian federal system in comparative perspective.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".