Domestic Violence against Women and COVID-19 Quarantine: ASystematic Review Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Domestic violence against women is defined as physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, that women experience. During the COVID-19 quarantine, homes have become very dangerous places for domestic violence against women. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, Medline, Scopus, Embase, Google scholar, and web of science were searched. Two independent authors screened all identified titles, abstracts, and relevant full texts for inclusion in the systematic review. 7 primary studies that were published between December 2019 and March 2021 were examined. The risk of bias in the retrieved articles was assessed by the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Results: During the COVID-19 lockdown, people have experienced different situations that lead to increasing aggressive behavior with possible trauma and violence, especially against women. Conclusion: During the quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic around the world, we need programs aimed at preventing acts of domestic violence against women, such as trained multi-disciplinary staff, including psychologists, sexologists, and clinical psychiatrists.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.022 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.011 | 0.017 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".