Long-term Complications of Unintentional Dural Puncture During Labor Epidural Analgesia: A Case–control Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
(Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2022;47:364–369) Despite epidural labor analgesia use being widespread, unintentional dural puncture (UDP) occurs at a rate of 0.5% to 1.5% depending on the type of institution (training vs. nontraining). The short-term adverse outcome—postural postdural puncture headache (PDPH), and associated nausea, vomiting, auditory disturbances, visual disturbances, neck stiffness, and reduced ADLs may resolve with conservative management. If these adverse outcomes do not resolve with conservative management, lumbar epidural blood patch (EBP) is considered the definitive treatment. Anecdotally, UDP may lead to long-term complications, but published data for long-term follow-up is lacking. The aim of this study is to investigate whether laboring women who experienced an UDP were at risk for developing long-term complications and to investigate whether EBP influences outcomes.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".