The role of the bole: constraints in the remobilization of stem reserves under experimental carbon limitation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Assimilated non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) can be stored as reserves in plants and remobilized during periods of asynchrony between carbon acquisition and carbon demand to fuel essential metabolic functions and growth. However, the framework of NSC allocation to reserves and their remobilization remains unclear, especially for mature trees which potentially can store large quantities of reserves. Here, we explore the role of stem reserves and potential constraints in their remobilization in large Betula papyrifera trees. To explore reserve remobilizations between organs, we use different patterns of phloem girdling to induce carbon stress and to isolate crown, stem, and root NSC storage pools. Our results suggest that NSC reserves in the stem tissues may not be easily remobilized to other, more distant, organ sinks. However, we also found that some root reserves may be allocated toward the lowermost stem/root collar position, indicating that under carbon limiting conditions the roots might not be the strongest sink for NSC reserves. We suggest this response represents an adaptive recovery strategy for a collar-sprouting species like B. papyrifera, which occupies areas prone to aboveground disturbance. We also found that storage capacity of tissues (here stem wood and crown) can far exceed the concentrations that are normally stored in these trees. Additionally, we found stem NSC concentrations positively correlated with disease resistance and branch water content. These relationships suggest that a maintenance of greater stem reserves may be required to support other important roles directly or indirectly, such as defense or spring leaf flush, respectively. Overall, it appears that the remobilization of different organ reserve storage pools is regulated somewhat autonomously, which, particularly under carbon limiting conditions, could potentially limit the sharing of reserves within a large tree.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".