Left Main Coronary Artery Aneurysm With Rare Quadfurcation Anatomy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are found in a small percentage of coronary angiograms, with left main coronary artery (LMCA) aneurysms being the least common. We present a 63-year-old male patient with a history of chest pain and an abnormal nuclear stress test. Cardiac catheterization showed a large LMCA aneurysm with unusual quadfurcation left main (LM) anatomy, but otherwise showed no evidence of obstructive coronary artery disease. The patient remained clinically stable, and a repeat cardiac catheterization 2 years later showed unchanged coronary anatomy. Further medical management with close observation was elected. This case illustrates that in select cases, large LMCA aneurysms can be successfully managed medically without surgical or percutaneous interventions. To our knowledge, this is the first report of LMCA aneurysm with quadfurcation anatomy. In addition to the case description, a review of the literature is provided.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".