Numerical modelling of integrated processes in cryo-hydrogeological systems: Applications in Nunavik, Quebec, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Numerical simulations of coupled groundwater flow, heat and mass transport have been carried out for better understanding of cryo-hydrogeological system behavior under climate change.Simulations are based on conceptual models of two well-monitored field sites at Umiujaq and Salluit, in Nunavik, (northern Quebec), Canada. The Umiujaq site contains discontinuous permafrost as discrete mounds within a marine silt bounded by unconfined and confined sand aquifers, while the Salluit site includes a bedrock river-talik system within continuous permafrost.All simulations are run with the finite element HEATFLOW/SMOKER code which includes density-dependent groundwater flow, advective-conductive heat transport and advective-dispersive microparticle transport. Water-ice phase change, latent heat, ice-fraction dependent relative permeability and temperature-dependent thermal parameters are integrated in the solution. The thermal-hydraulic system is driven by ground surface recharge/discharge conditions which depend on the thermal state of the shallow subsurface (frozen or thawed), and by coupling with air-ground temperature gradients. Microparticle transport includes thaw-dependent particle suspension and velocity-dependent downgradient retention in heterogeneous porous media.At the Umiujaq site, the two-dimensional vertical-plane simulations through a permafrost mound show how supra- and sub-permafrost groundwater flow can affect permafrost thaw which can lead to the release of microparticles, contributing to increased groundwater turbidity. At the Salluit site, supported by cross-sections of electrical resistivity tomography, the simulated 3D river-talik system follows the river meanders and responds dynamically to seasonal changes in air temperature and groundwater pumping. The groundwater pumping rate needs to be managed for sustainable use, especially in winter when the talik is hydraulically disconnected from the river bed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".