Distinctive stratification regimes and their biochemical implications across Queen Charlottte Sound, a highly-productive shelf in the Northeast Pacific
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Queen Charlotte Sound (QCS) is a broad shelf region off Canada's west coast that is highly biologically productive and hosts several Marine Protected Areas. However, ecosystems in QCS are becoming increasingly susceptible to climate change stressors such as marine heatwaves, ocean acidification, and deoxygenation. In this system, stratification plays an important role in setting the physical and chemical environment, thus impacting how climate change affects the region, including its biogeochemical cycles and ecosystems. Here, one year of near-continuous underwater glider observations are used to investigate how variability in stratification and exchanges between the coast and open ocean influence the physical and biogeochemical properties in QCS. Specifically, we document how varying relative contributions of temperature and salinity to density stratification set up distinct stratification regimes: a salinity-dominated beta regime, a temperature-dominated alpha regime and a transitional regime, whose presence and spatial extent vary seasonally across the shelf. We then use this stratification regime characterisation to 1) map where and when these regimes manifest and consider the drivers of variability in regime spatial and temporal extent ; 2) quantify the stratification strength as a function of regime and understand regime impacts on the vertical structure of the upper ocean; and 3) demonstrate the usefulness of this regime characterisation to present the systematic differences in chlorophyll and oxygen concentrations and their vertical distribution in the alpha and beta regimes. In addition, we make a comparison of the upper ocean stratification from glider observations with a 1-D mixed layer model driven by meteorological data to test the sensitivity of each regime to atmospheric and lateral exchange processes. Lastly, we will discuss what these findings inform us about stratification in QCS in the future in the context of climate change with increased riverine inputs, melting glaciers, increased precipitation and warmer waters.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".